34 Years NEET Biology Chapterwise Solved Papers. 01.The Living World TOPIC 1. Diversity and Taxonomy

34 Years NEET Biology

Chapterwise Solved Papers.

01.The Living World

TOPIC 1. Diversity and Taxonomy

01 The contrasting characteristics generally in a pair used for identification of animals in taxonomic key are referred to as.

                                                [NEET  2019]

(a) lead 

(b) couplet

(c) doublet 

(d) alternate

Ans. (b) couplet

Couplet is the contrasting characteristic generally in a pair used for identification of animals in taxonomic key. It represents the choice made between two opposite options, each half of a couplet is called lead. Separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category like family, genus species.

02 Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below

                                         [NEET 2018]

____________________________________________

Column I             Column II

____________________________________________

1.Herbarium

(i) It is a place having a collection of preserved plants and animals.

2. Key

(ii) A list that enumerates methodically all the species found in an area with brief description aiding identification.

3. Museum

(iii)It is a place where dried and pressed plant specimens mounted on sheets are kept.

4. Catalogue

(iv) A booklet containing a list of characters and their alternates which are helpful in identification of various taxa.

        1      2      3      4

A.   (ii)   (iv)   (iii)   (i)

B.   (iii)   (ii)    (i)   (iv)

C.   (i)    (iv)   (iii)   (ii)

D.  (iii)   (iv)    (i)    (ii)

Ans. (d)

Herbarium is a place where dried and pressed plant specimens, mounted on sheets are kept systematically. It is a repository or store house for future use. Key is a booklet containing list of characters and their alternates which are helpful in identification of various taxa-class, order, family, genus and species.

Museum is an institution where artistic and educational materials are exhibited to the public. The materials available for observation and study are called a collection.

Catalogue is a list or register that enumerates methodically all the species found in a particular place. It often possesses brief description of species that aids in identification. Therefore, option (d) is correct.

03 The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry information on 

                                         [NEET 2016, Phase II]

(a) date of collection 

(b) name of collector

(c) local names

(d) height of the plant

Ans. (d)

Herbarium is a collection of plants that usually have been dried, pressed, preserved plant on sheets and are arranged in accordance with any accepted system of classification for future reference and study. It does not have information on height of the plant.

04 Study the four statements (I-IV) given below and select the two correct ones out of them :                      [NEET 2016, Phase II]

1. Definition of biological species was given by Ernst Mayr.

II. Photoperiod does not affect reproduction in plants.

III. Binomial nomenclature system was given by RH Whittaker.

IV. In unicellular organisms, reproduc tion is synonymous with growth. The two correct statements are

(a) II and III

(b) III and IV

(c) I and IV

(d) I and II

Ans. (c)

Statements and IV are correct. The correct form of II and III are as follows:

(II) Photoperiod does affect the reproduction in plants.

(III) Binomial nomenclature was given by Carolus Linnaeus.

05 Biological organisation starts with

                                          [CBSE AIPMT 2007]

(a) sub-microscopic molecular level 

(b) cellular level

(c) organismic level

(d) atomic level 

Ans. (a).sub-microscopic molecular level 

Biological organisation starts with sub-microscopic molecular level, where four types of molecules, l.e. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are organised into organelles of cell.

06 The living organisms can be un-exceptionally distinguished from the non-living things on the basis of their ability for                                    [CBSE AIPMT 2007]

(a) responsiveness to touch 

(b) interaction with the environment and progressive evolution in

(c) reproduction

(d) growth and movement

Ans. (b).interaction with the environment and progressive evolution in

All living organisms interact with their environment and shows progressive evolution. They can sense and respond to environmental uses. On the other hand reproduction, growth and movement cannot be all inclusive defining properties of living organisms.

07 Which one of the following is an  example of negative feedback loop in humans?                     [CBSE AIPMT 2007] 

(a) Constriction of skin blood vessels and contraction of skeletal muscles when it is too cold

(b) Secretion of tears after falling of sand particles into the eye

(c) Salivation of mouth at the sight of delicious food

(d) Secretion of sweat glands and constriction of skin blood vessels when it is too hot

Ans. (a)Constriction of skin blood vessels and contraction of skeletal muscles when it is too cold

Skin blood vessels constrict and skeletal muscles contract due to the cold is an example of negative feedback mechanism of homeostasis.

08. Carbohydrates the most abundant biomolecules on earth, are produced by                                               [CBSE AIPMT 2005]

(a) all bacteria, fungi and algae 

(b) fungi, algae and green plant cells 

(c) some bacteria, algae and green plant cells 

(d) viruses, fungi and bacteria

Ans. (c)some bacteria, algae and green plant cells 

Some photosynthetic bacteria such as Rhodopseudomonas can prepare carbohydrates. But during this type of food synthesis O, is not evolved because, in this case hydrogen donor is other than H,O.

Algae (green and blue-green) and all green plant cells prepare their food (carbohydrate) through photosynthesis. Here, hydrogen ions are donated by water molecules by the process of photolysis of water, l.e. O, is released during this type of food synthesis.

09. More than 70% of world's fresh water is contained in.              [CBSE AIPMT 2005]

(a) antarctica 

(b) greenland 

(c) glaciers and mountains

(d) polar ice

Ans. (d)polar ice

Three fourth surface of earth (about 71% of total) is occupied by oceans which contain 97.5% of total water. This is marine water with about 3.5% salt contents.

Rest water, L.e. 2.5% is freshwater which occurs on land. Most amount of this water (about 1,97%) occurs as Frozen ice caps and glaciers and 0.5% fresh water occurs as ground water.

10. There is no life on moon due to the absence of                 [CBSE AIPMT 2002]

(a)0, 

(b) water

(c) light

(d) temperature

Ans. (b)water

Water is an essential constituent of cytoplasm of all living organisms. It helps in distribution of substances within the organism, elimination of waste products, maintenance of body temperature, etc. It is absent on the moon...